LOCUS AAA24055.1 203 aa PRT BCT 15-NOV-2023
DEFINITION Escherichia coli lacA protein.
ACCESSION J01636-4
PROTEIN_ID AAA24055.1
SOURCE Escherichia coli
ORGANISM Escherichia coli
Bacteria; Pseudomonadota; Gammaproteobacteria; Enterobacterales;
Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia.
REFERENCE 1 (bases 1243 to 1266)
AUTHORS Gilbert,W. and Maxam,A.
TITLE The nucleotide sequence of the lac operator
JOURNAL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 70 (12), 3581-3584 (1973)
PUBMED 4587255
REFERENCE 2 (bases 1246 to 1308)
AUTHORS Maizels,N.M.
TITLE The nucleotide sequence of the lactose messenger ribonucleic acid
transcribed from the UV5 promoter mutant of Escherichia coli
JOURNAL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 70 (12), 3585-3589 (1973)
PUBMED 4587256
REFERENCE 3 (sites)
AUTHORS Gilbert,W., Maizels,N. and Maxam,A.
TITLE Sequences of controlling regions of the lactose operon
JOURNAL Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol. 38, 845-855 (1974)
PUBMED 4598642
REFERENCE 4 (sites)
AUTHORS Gilbert,W., Gralla,J., Majors,A.J. and Maxam,A.
TITLE Lactose operator sequences and the action of lac repressor
JOURNAL (in) Sund,H. and Blauer,G. (Eds.);
PROTEIN-LIGAND INTERACTIONS: 193-207;
Walter de Gruyter, New York (1975)
REFERENCE 5 (bases 1146 to 1282)
AUTHORS Dickson,R.C., Abelson,J., Barnes,W.M. and Reznikoff,W.S.
TITLE Genetic regulation: the Lac control region
JOURNAL Science 187 (4171), 27-35 (1975)
PUBMED 1088926
REFERENCE 6 (bases 1227 to 1271)
AUTHORS Gilbert,W., Maxam,A. and Mirzabekov,A.
TITLE Contacts between the lac repressor and DNA revealed by methylation
JOURNAL (in) Kjeldgaard,N.C. and Maaloe,O. (Eds.);
CONTROL OF RIBOSOME SYNTHESIS: 138-143;
Academic Press, New York (1976)
REFERENCE 7 (sites)
AUTHORS Marians,K.J. and Brooker,J.D.
TITLE Structure of the lactose operator
JOURNAL Nature 260 (5549), 360-363 (1976)
PUBMED 768781
REFERENCE 8 (bases 1242 to 1268)
AUTHORS Heyneker,H.L., Shine,J., Goodman,H.M., Boyer,H.W., Rosenberg,J.,
Dickerson,R.E., Narang,S.A., Itakura,K., Lin,S. and Riggs,A.D.
TITLE Synthetic lac operator DNA is functional in vivo
JOURNAL Nature 263 (5580), 748-752 (1976)
PUBMED 1069185
REFERENCE 9 (sites)
AUTHORS Dickson,R.C., Abelson,J. and Johnson,P.
TITLE Nucleotide sequence changes produced by mutations in the lac
promoter of Escherichia coli
JOURNAL J. Mol. Biol. 111 (1), 65-75 (1977)
PUBMED 323498
REFERENCE 10 (bases 51 to 264)
AUTHORS Steege,D.A.
TITLE 5'-Terminal nucleotide sequence of Escherichia coli lactose
repressor mRNA: features of translational initiation and
reinitiation sites
JOURNAL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 74 (10), 4163-4167 (1977)
PUBMED 337294
REFERENCE 11 (bases 1 to 81)
AUTHORS Calos,M.P.
TITLE DNA sequence for a low-level promoter of the lac repressor gene and
an 'up' promoter mutation
JOURNAL Nature 274 (5673), 762-765 (1978)
PUBMED 355890
REFERENCE 12 (bases 49 to 1161)
AUTHORS Farabaugh,P.J.
TITLE Sequence of the lacI gene
JOURNAL Nature 274 (5673), 765-769 (1978)
PUBMED 355891
REFERENCE 13 (sites)
AUTHORS Miller,J.H., Coulondre,C. and Farabaugh,P.J.
TITLE Correlation of nonsense sites in the lacI gene with specific codons
in the nucleotide sequence
JOURNAL Nature 274 (5673), 770-775 (1978)
PUBMED 355892
REFERENCE 14 (sites)
AUTHORS Calos,M.P. and Miller,J.H.
TITLE DNA sequence alteration resulting from a mutation impairing
promoter function in the lac repressor gene
JOURNAL Mol. Gen. Genet. 178 (1), 225-227 (1980)
PUBMED 6770231
REFERENCE 15 (bases 4306 to 5804)
AUTHORS Buchel,D.E., Gronenborn,B. and Muller-Hill,B.
TITLE Sequence of the lactose permease gene
JOURNAL Nature 283 (5747), 541-545 (1980)
PUBMED 6444453
REFERENCE 16 (sites)
AUTHORS Miller,J.H., Calos,M.P. and Galas,D.J.
TITLE Genetic and sequencing studies of the specificity of transposition
into the lac region of E. coli
JOURNAL Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol. 45 (PT 1), 243-257 (1981)
PUBMED 6271472
REFERENCE 17 (sites)
AUTHORS Chenchick,A., Beabealashvilli,R. and Mirzabekov,A.
TITLE Topography of interaction of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase
subunits with lac UV5 promoter
JOURNAL FEBS Lett. 128 (1), 46-50 (1981)
PUBMED 7023981
REFERENCE 18 (sites)
AUTHORS Betz,J.L. and Sadler,J.R.
TITLE Variants of a cloned synthetic lactose operator. I. A palindromic
dimer lactose operator derived from one stand of the cloned 40-base
pair operator
JOURNAL Gene 13 (1), 1-12 (1981)
PUBMED 7016667
REFERENCE 19 (sites)
AUTHORS Sadler,J.R. and Tecklenburg,M.
TITLE Cloning and characterization of the natural lactose operator
JOURNAL Gene 13 (1), 13-23 (1981)
PUBMED 6263752
REFERENCE 20 (sites)
AUTHORS Betz,J.L. and Sadler,J.R.
TITLE Variants of a cloned synthetic lactose operator. II.
Chloramphenicol-resistant revertants retaining a lactose operator
in the CAT gene of plasmid pBR325
JOURNAL Gene 15 (2-3), 187-200 (1981)
PUBMED 6271642
REFERENCE 21 (sites)
AUTHORS Calos,M.P. and Miller,J.H.
TITLE The DNA sequence change resulting from the IQ1 mutation, which
greatly increases promoter strength
JOURNAL Mol. Gen. Genet. 183 (3), 559-560 (1981)
PUBMED 7038381
REFERENCE 22 (sites)
AUTHORS Mieschendahl,M., Buchel,D., Bocklage,H. and Muller-Hill,B.
TITLE Mutations in the lacY gene of Escherichia coli define functional
organization of lactose permease
JOURNAL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78 (12), 7652-7656 (1981)
PUBMED 6278484
REFERENCE 23 (sites)
AUTHORS Russell,D.R. and Bennett,G.N.
TITLE Construction and analysis of in vivo activity of E. coli promoter
hybrids and promoter mutants that alter the -35 to -10 spacing
JOURNAL Gene 20 (2), 231-243 (1982)
PUBMED 6299890
REFERENCE 24 (sites)
AUTHORS Horowitz,H. and Platt,T.
TITLE A termination site for LacI transcription is between the CAP site
and the lac promoter
JOURNAL J. Biol. Chem. 257 (19), 11740-11746 (1982)
PUBMED 6288696
REFERENCE 25 (sites)
AUTHORS Klein,R.D. and Wells,R.D.
TITLE Effects of neighboring DNA homopolymers on the biochemical and
physical properties of the Escherichia coli lactose promoter. I.
Cloning and characterization studies
JOURNAL J. Biol. Chem. 257 (21), 12954-12961 (1982)
PUBMED 6290487
REFERENCE 26 (bases 1183 to 1291)
AUTHORS Weiher,H. and Schaller,H.
TITLE Segment-specific mutagenesis: extensive mutagenesis of a lac
promoter/operator element
JOURNAL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79 (5), 1408-1412 (1982)
PUBMED 7041119
REFERENCE 27 (sites)
AUTHORS Van Dyke,M.W. and Dervan,P.B.
TITLE Footprinting with MPE.Fe(II). Complementary-strand analyses of
distamycin- and actinomycin-binding sites on heterogeneous DNA
JOURNAL Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol. 47 (PT 1), 347-353 (1983)
PUBMED 6305557
REFERENCE 28 (bases 1287 to 4364)
AUTHORS Kalnins,A., Otto,K., Ruther,U. and Muller-Hill,B.
TITLE Sequence of the lacZ gene of Escherichia coli
JOURNAL EMBO J. 2 (4), 593-597 (1983)
PUBMED 6313347
REFERENCE 29 (sites)
AUTHORS Cone,K.C., Sellitti,M.A. and Steege,D.A.
TITLE Lac repressor mRNA transcription terminates in vivo in the lac
control region
JOURNAL J. Biol. Chem. 258 (18), 11296-11304 (1983)
PUBMED 6309841
REFERENCE 30 (sites)
AUTHORS Sadler,J.R., Sasmor,H. and Betz,J.L.
TITLE A perfectly symmetric lac operator binds the lac repressor very
tightly
JOURNAL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 80 (22), 6785-6789 (1983)
PUBMED 6316325
REFERENCE 31 (sites)
AUTHORS Glickman,B.W. and Ripley,L.S.
TITLE Structural intermediates of deletion mutagenesis: a role for
palindromic DNA
JOURNAL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 81 (2), 512-516 (1984)
PUBMED 6582506
REFERENCE 32 (sites)
AUTHORS Spassky,A., Kirkegaard,K. and Buc,H.
TITLE Changes in the DNA structure of the lac UV5 promoter during
formation of an open complex with Escherichia coli RNA polymerase
JOURNAL Biochemistry 24 (11), 2723-2731 (1985)
PUBMED 3896305
REFERENCE 33 (sites)
AUTHORS Straney,D.C. and Crothers,D.M.
TITLE Intermediates in transcription initiation from the E. coli lac UV5
promoter
JOURNAL Cell 43 (2 PT 1), 449-459 (1985)
PUBMED 2416465
REFERENCE 34 (sites)
AUTHORS Looman,A.C., de Gruyter,M., Vogelaar,A. and van Knippenberg,P.H.
TITLE Effects of heterologous ribosomal binding sites on the
transcription and translation of the lacZ gene of Escherichia coli
JOURNAL Gene 37 (1-3), 145-154 (1985)
PUBMED 3932130
REFERENCE 35 (sites)
AUTHORS Mandecki,W., Goldman,R.A., Powell,B.S. and Caruthers,M.H.
TITLE lac Up-promoter mutants with increased homology to the consensus
promoter sequence
JOURNAL J. Bacteriol. 164 (3), 1353-1355 (1985)
PUBMED 2999082
REFERENCE 36 (sites)
AUTHORS Malamy,M.H., Rahaim,P.T., Hoffman,C.S., Baghdoyan,D., O'Connor,M.B.
and Miller,J.F.
TITLE A frameshift mutation at the junction of an IS1 insertion within
lacZ restores beta-galactosidase activity via formation of an
active lacZ-IS1 fusion protein
JOURNAL J. Mol. Biol. 181 (4), 551-555 (1985)
PUBMED 2987506
REFERENCE 37 (bases 5646 to 7477)
AUTHORS Hediger,M.A., Johnson,D.F., Nierlich,D.P. and Zabin,I.
TITLE DNA sequence of the lactose operon: the lacA gene and the
transcriptional termination region
JOURNAL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 82 (19), 6414-6418 (1985)
PUBMED 3901000
COMMENT Original source text: Escherichia coli DNA; mRNA; clone
lambda-h80dlac DNA; clone puk217; pgm8 (see comment).
[3] sites; UV5 mRNA transcripts and operator mutants. [(in)
Sund,H. and Blauer,G. (eds.);Protein-Ligand Interactions:
193-207;Walter de] sites; operator mutational analysis. [7]
sites; S1 and mung bean nuclease action on operator DNA. [9]
sites; class I, II and III promoter mutant analysis. [13] sites;
lacI mutant analysis.
[16] sites; Tn5, Tn9 and Tn10 insertion sites in lac region. [14]
sites; lacI promoter mutation UJ177.
[18] sites; palindromic dimer operator;.
[19] sites; natural operator sequence.
[20] sites; operator mutational analysis.
[21] sites; lacI-Q deletion.
[17] sites; RNA polymerase UV5 promoter interaction. [22] sites;
lacY mutational analysis.
[24] sites; lacI-promoted transcription termination. [25] sites;
wt and UV5 promoter sequence studies. [23] sites; UV5 promoter
mutational analysis.
[30] sites; perfectly symmetric operator sequence. [29] sites;
lacI mRNA termination site.
[27] sites; distamycin and actinomycin binding to promoter. [31]
sites; lacI deletion studies.
[35] sites; promoter mutational studies.
[33] sites; DNAase I studies with promoter sequence. [34] sites;
ribosomal binding and translation initiation for lacZ. [36] sites;
insertion sequence IS1 integration in lacZ;. [32] sites; DNAase I
studies with promoter.
[1] first reports a 27 bp operator(sites 1240-1266) with two-fold
symmetries; the operator has also been defined to be bases
1246-1266 or bases 1239-1273 [8]. [(in) Kjeldgaard,N.C. and Maaloe,
O.(eds);Control of ribosome synthesis: 138-143;A] explores the
ability of lac
repressor protein to affect methylation of operator DNA. [8]
argues that DNA on both sides of the 21 bp operator (bases
1246-1266) affects repressor binding but that the sequences of this
DNA are probably not critical. [5] gives a larger sequence known as
the promoter-operator region for the wild-type, whereas [2] and
[26] give portions of this region for the mutant strain UV5. Within
the promoter region, bases 1162-1199 are identified as the
catabolite gene activator protein binding site (cap) and bases
1200-1245 are the RNA polymerase interaction site. [10] reports a
sequence for the 5'end of the lacI (repressor) gene and discusses
restart in mutant strains. [11] presents a sequence for the lacI
promoter region and identifies an I-Q mutation which enhances lacI
transcription approximately ten-fold. [12] gives a complete
sequence
for lacI which agrees with the known lac repressor sequence. [26]
examines the promoter-operator region in the UV5 strain (lac109)
and studies 23 mutant derivatives of this sequence. This sequence
agrees with known protein sequences for the lacZ, lacY and lacA
enzymes. [15] notes that the fMet codon is not present
for lacA and suggests that the 'ttg' codon (5727-5729), which
immediately precedes the mature N-terminal asparagine codon, is the
start codon. The cds for lacZ, lacY and lacA are included on a
single mRNA transcript.
Complete source information:
Escherichia coli DNA [1],[(in) Kjeldgaard,N.C. and Maaloe,O.(eds);
Control of ribosome synthesis: 138-143;A],[8],[12],[26]; mRNA [2],
[5],[10]; clone
lambda-h80dlac DNA [11],[15]; clone puk217 [28]; pgm8 [37].
FEATURES Qualifiers
source /organism="Escherichia coli"
/mol_type="genomic DNA"
/db_xref="taxon:562"
protein /gene="lacA"
/note="thiogalactoside acetyltransferase (ttg start
codon)"
/transl_table=11
BEGIN
1 MNMPMTERIR AGKLFTDMCE GLPEKRLRGK TLMYEFNHSH PSEVEKRESL IKEMFATVGE
61 NAWVEPPVYF SYGSNIHIGR NFYANFNLTI VDDYTVTIGD NVLIAPNVTL SVTGHPVHHE
121 LRKNGEMYSF PITIGNNVWI GSHVVINPGV TIGDNSVIGA GSIVTKDIPP NVVAAGVPCR
181 VIREINDRDK HYYFKDYKVE SSV
//